Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha mukugadzirisa marori ndiko kugadzirisa kweinjini.Yakakosha semoyo wemunhu, injini yedhiziri ndiyo moyo werori, kunobva simba.Nzira yekuchengetedza sei mwoyo werori?Kuchengetedza kwakanaka kunogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwesevhisi yeinjini uye kuderedza chiyero chekutadza.Zvinhu zvakakosha zvekuchengetedza zvinoitwa zvakapoteredza "mafirita matatu".Kugadziriswa kwemafirita emhepo, mafirita emafuta, uye mafirita emafuta anovabvumira kuti vape kutamba kwakazara kumabasa avo mukushandisa uye kubatsira injini kuti ipedze basa rekubuda kwemagetsi.

1. Kugadziriswa kwesefa yemhepo

Iyo injini yemhepo inotora system inonyanya kuumbwa nemhepo sefa uye pombi yekupinda mhepo.Iyo sefa yemhepo inosefa mweya waunzwa kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti mweya wakachena unounzwa kunjini.Zvinoenderana nemamiriro akasiyana ekushandiswa, mafuta-yekugezera mhepo sefa inogona kusarudzwa, uye iyo sefa chinhu chinogona kucheneswa kana kutsiviwa nguva dzose.Iyo sefa yemhepo yemukombe yepepa inoshandiswa inofanira kuputirwa maawa makumi mashanu-100 ega ega (kazhinji pasvondo) uye kucheneswa nebhurasho rakapfava kana feni.

Shandisa mafuta ekugezera mhepo sefa.Chenesa chinhu chesefa uye wotsiva mafuta ekuzora nedhiziri yakachena maawa ega ega 100-200 (mavhiki maviri).Paunenge uchishandisa, teerera kuwedzera mafuta ekuzora maererano nemirairo.Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, tsiva iyo sefa chinhu neichi chitsva pese panocheneswa chinhu chesefa katatu.Itsive pakarepo kana yakuvadzwa kana kuti yakasvibiswa zvakanyanya.
Chechipiri, kuchengetedzwa kwesefa yemafuta
Munguva yekushandiswa kweinjini yedhiziri, zvikamu zvesimbi zvinoita basa zvichasakara.Kana iyo sefa yemafuta isingachengetedzwe nenguva, mafuta ane zvinosvibisa haazove akakwenenzverwa, izvo zvichaita kuti iyo sefa element iparadze kana kuvhura vharafu yekuchengetedza, kubva pavhavhavhavha.Kupfuura kunodzosa tsvina kuchikamu chekuzora, kumhanyisa kupfeka kweinjini, kuwedzera kusvibiswa kwemukati, uye kukanganisa hupenyu hwebasa reinjini yedhiziri.Naizvozvo, iyo sefa yemafuta inofanirwa kutsiviwa pese apo mafuta anochengetwa.Iyo sefa element modhi yemodhi yega yega yakasiyana, iyo inofananidzira sefa chinhu chinofanira kushandiswa, zvikasadaro sefa ichave isiri iyo.

3. Kugadziriswa kwemafuta emafuta
Pakutyaira madaro marefu, kune zviteshi zvihombe nezvidiki zvinokwirisa mafuta padivi pemugwagwa, uye dhiziri yemhando yepamusoro ichawedzerwa pakugadziriswa kusina kuenzana.Vatyairi vanowanzodaidza kuti "mafuta madiki".Njodzi ye "mafuta maduku" kune injini inozviratidza.Chekutanga pane zvese, ndapota ita shuwa yekusarudza yakavimbika gasi chiteshi kuzadza nemafuta anokodzera.Iyo dhiziri sefa ndiyo yekupedzisira chipingamupinyi chekuchengetedza mafuta system.Kana ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa mafuta system tekinoroji, yakajairika njanji sisitimu yakakwira uye yakanyatsojeka, uye inoda yakakwirira-mhando yakajairika njanji masisitimu emafuta.Naizvozvo, kuchengetedza kwemafuta sefa kwakakosha zvikuru.Kune marudzi maviri: coarse fuel filter uye fine filter.

Ese maawa zana-200 ekushanda (mavhiki maviri, angangoita 20,000 makiromita zvichienderana nenhamba yemakiromita), mafirita akasiyana siyana ari muhurongwa hwekugovera mafuta anofanirwa kuongororwa nekutsiviwa, uye panguva imwe chete, tarisa kana iyo mafuta-mvura inoparadzanisa. iri kushanda nemazvo, uye Kana tangi yemafuta nemapombi emafuta ese zvakasviba, chenesa tangi remafuta nemapombi ese emafuta zvakanaka kana zvakakodzera.Zvese zvikamu zveiyo yese mafuta ekupa system inofanirwa kuitwa panguva yemwaka yekuchinja mafuta shanduko.Diziri rinoshandiswa rinofanirwa kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nemwaka uye kupinda maawa makumi mana nemasere ekunaya kwemvura nekucheneswa.
4. Zvimwe zvinhu zvinoda kutarisirwa.
1. Sarudzo yedhiziri
Ziva pfungwa-inotonhora nzvimbo (inotonhora), tembiricha yepamusoro apo sampu yemafuta inotonhodzwa kusvika padanho remvura pasina kuyerera pasi pemamiriro akatarwa, anozivikanwawo senzvimbo yechando.Kana iyo yechando nzvimbo yakanyanyisa, zviri nyore kukonzera kuvharika kwedunhu remafuta pane tembiricha yakaderera.Munyika yedu, kucherechedzwa kwedhiziri kunobva pane inotonhora.Nzvimbo yechando ndiyo nheyo huru yekusarudza dhiziri.Nokudaro, dizeli yakakodzera inofanira kusarudzwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana uye mwaka wakasiyana.
Main classification:
Kune magiredhi manomwe emafuta edhiziri akareruka: 10, 5, 0, -10, -20, -30, -50
Pane mhando nhatu dzemafuta edhiziri anorema: 10, 20, uye 30. Sarudza zvinoenderana nekushisa paunosarudza

Kana giredhi redhiziri rakadzikira pane tembiricha inodiwa, hurongwa hwehuturu muinjini hunogona kuiswa wakisi, kuvharira dunhu reoiri, uye kukanganisa kushanda kweinjini.

2. Haikodzeri kumhanya pasina chaanoita kwenguva yakareba
Kwenguva refu idling inoderedza kunaka kwemafuta jekiseni atomization uye kukurumidza kupfeka kwekutanga kwecylinder madziro.Nekuti mhando yeatomization yakanangana nekumanikidza jekiseni, dhayamita yejekiseni uye nekumhanya kwecamshaft.Nekuda kweiyo dhayamita yenguva dzose yejekiseni, iyo mafuta atomization mhando inotsamira pakumanikidza jekiseni remafuta uye kumhanya kwecamshaft.Iyo inononoka kumhanya kwecamshaft, iyo yakareba jekiseni remafuta rinokwira, uye zvakanyanya kunaka kunaka kwemafuta atomization.Iko kumhanya kwecamshaft kunoshanduka nekumhanya kweinjini yedhiziri.Kumhanya kwenguva refu kusingashande kunogona kukonzera kupisa kwejini injini kuti ive yakadzikira uye isina kukwana kupisa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kabhoni deposits kuvhara jekiseni nozzles, piston mhete kana jam mavharuvhu.Uye zvakare, kana tembiricha yeinjini yedhiziri inotonhorera yakadzikira, mamwe mafuta edhiziri asina kupiswa anosuka firimu remafuta pamadziro ecylinder uye kunyungudutsa mafuta, kuitira kuti zvikamu zvese zvinofamba zveinjini yedhiziri zvisanyatsozorwa, zvichiita kuti nguva isati yakwana. kupfeka kwezvikamu.Naizvozvo, nguva yekusashanda inodzorwa panenge maminetsi gumi.
Aya ari pamusoro ndiwo mabasa makuru uye matanho ekuchengetedza injini yedhiziri.Chete kana injini ichishanda zvakanaka ndiyo inogona kukubatsira iwe zvirinani.